BACHARACH, EVA:

By: Louis Ginzberg, Gotthard Deutsch

Hebraist and rabbinical scholar; born at Prague about 1580; died in Sofia, 1651. She was the daughter of Isaac ben Simson ha-Kohen, and through her mother, Vögele, granddaughter of the well-known rabbi of Prague, Löwe ben Bezalel. Her brothers, Ḥayyim and Naphtali, were also noted rabbis. As a daughter of such a distinguished rabbinical family, she acquired a wide knowledge of Hebrew and rabbinical literature, and could often assist rabbis in solving textual difficulties. Such erudition was quite uncommon among Jewish women of that time, and the Memorbuch of Worms makes special mention of it ("Ḳobeẓ 'al-Yad," iii. 15, Berlin, 1887). In 1600 she married Abraham Samuel Bacharach, with whom she subsequently went to Worms, whither he was called as rabbi. After his death on May 26, 1615, she returned with her son Samson and her three daughters to Prague, in order to devote herself to the education of her children. Eva refused an offer of marriage from Isaiah Horowitz, then rabbi of Prague, who was about to emigrate to Jerusalem, although she longed to be in the Holy Land. When her three daughters were married, she followed her son Samson to Worms, whither he had been called to take the position of his father; and soon afterward, in 1651, she left for Palestine. On the journey, Eva Bacharach died at Sofia, where she was buried with great honor. Her grandson, Jair Ḥayyim, called his work in memory of her "Ḥawwot Yair," which, in the usual German pronunciation, might be understood as "Eva's Jaïr."

L. G. D.