LEVIN, EMANUEL BORISOVICH:

Russian teacher and communal worker; born at Minsk Dec. 15, 1820; educated at the Molodechensk school for the nobility (1836-41). He taught in G. Klaczko's private school at Wilna from 1842 to 1844, and at the public schools of Minsk from 1846 to 1851. Having passed his examinations in 1848, he received an appointment in the Jewish government school at Proskurov, Podolia (1851-52), and subsequently in the rabbinical school at Jitomir (1853-57).

In 1859 Levin settled in St. Petersburg, where he became one of the first members of the Society for the Promotion of Culture Among the Jews of Russia, of which he acted as secretary until 1872, when he became an honorary member. Since 1895 Levin has been a member of the historical committee of the society and one of the collaborators of the "Regesty i Nadpisi." Levin was elected a member of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society in 1870; and he is also a member of the Society for the Promotion of Commerce and Industry. In 1895 Levin was made an honorary citizen by the Russian government for his "Code of Laws Concerning the Jews."

Levin's other works include: a Russian grammar in Hebrew, Wilna, 1846; "Moiseyevo Brachnoye Pravo," St. Petersburg, 1875, on the marriage laws according to the Talmud and the rabbinical literature, translated from Hebrew sources; "Svod Uzakoneni o Yevreyakh, ib. 1885; "Perechen Ogranichitelnykh Zakonov o Yevreyakh v Yevreyakh o Rossii" (ib. 1890), both on the disabilities of the Jews in Russia; "Sboraik Ogranichitelnikh Zakonov o Yevreyakh," ib. 1902, on the same subject. He published also the text of the Pirḳe Abot with Russian translation and notes, ib. 1868.

H. R. S. M. G.
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