SPECTOR, MORDECAI – Russian Judæo-German writer; born at Uman, government of Kiev, May 5, 1859. His earlier education was in the Ḥasidic spirit, and this made it possible for him afterward to write for both Ḥasidim and Mitnaggedim without any...
SPEETH, JOHANN PETER – See Spaeth, Johann Peter.
SPEKTOR, ISAAC ELHANAN – Early Struggles. Russian rabbi and author; born at Rosh, government of Grodno, 1817; died at Kovno March 6, 1896. His father, Israel Issar, who was rabbi of Resh and had a leaning toward Ḥasidism, was his first teacher. Young...
SPELL – See Incantation.
SPERLING, JACOB HIRSCH – Austrian teacher of religion at the Jewish school and the German gymnasium in Lemberg, where he was born in 1837; died Dec., 1899. He supported the Haskalah movement in Galicia and was a gifted Neo-Hebrew poet. He has been...
SPEYER – The Jewish Quarter. Bishopric of Rhenish Bavaria. The first mention of a Jewish community in Speyer occurs during the episcopate of Bishop Rüdiger, who officiated from 1073 to 1090. He admitted several Jewish refugees, and...
SPEYER – German family doubtless deriving its name from the German city of Speyer. Members of it had settled in Frankfort-on-the-Main in the sixteenth century; from that city their descendants spread to various countries, and are now to...
SPEYER, JACOB SAMUEL – Dutch philologist; born at Amsterdam Dec. 20, 1849. He studied at Amsterdam and at Leyden (Ph.D. 1872); and thereafter officiated as teacher at Hoorn and (1873-1888) at the gymnasium of Amsterdam. On Oct. 15, 1877, he was...
SPICES – Aromatic vegetable substances used in preparing food or in compounding salves or perfumes.With the exception of salt, no condiments were known to the ancient Jews, and even cinnamon, with which the Hebrews were familiar, was...
SPICKER, MAX – German musician; born at Königsberg, Prussia, Aug. 16, 1858. Educated at the Conservatorium, Leipsic, he in 1878 traveled with the violinist Miska Hauser through Germany and Russia. He held the position of conductor of the opera...
SPIDER – See Insects.
SPIEGEL, FREDERICK S. – American jurist; born at Hovestadt, Westphalia, Prussia, Nov. 20, 1858. He attended the gymnasium at Paderborn, Westphalia, until his fourteenth year, when his parents emigrated to the United States, settling in Gadsden, Ala....