Russian physician and anthropologist; born in Mohilev-on-the-Dnieper in 1869; graduated (M.D.) from Moscow University in 1893. Having paid particular attention to anthropology, the Society of Friends of Natural Science, Anthropology, and Ethnography delegated him to investigate the physical anthropology of the inhabitants of Russian Poland, and he has produced the following works as a result of his investigations: "Privislyanskie Polyaki. Antropologicheski i Kraniologicheski Ocherk," in "Trudy Antropologicheskavo Otdyela," xviii., 1896; "Yevrei," ib. xxi., Moscow, 1903. The latter is the largest and most comprehensive work ever published on the anthropology of any section of Jews.H. R. M. Fi.